Centos7安装mysql

Linux
留言

mysql 官方下载地址：
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/
查找最新的 rpmmysqlrpm.png

下载

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$ wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

确定 md5 值

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$ md5sum mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
739dc44566d739c5d7b893de96ee6848  mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

安装

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$ sudo rpm -ivh mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

因为现今mysql已经更新到8.0以上了，所以可以根据需求是用5.5以上的某一个版本还是8.0等

8.0版本

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$ sudo yum update -y
$ sudo yum install -y mysql-server

5.7版本

查看可安装的版本

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$ yum repolist all | grep mysql
mysql-cluster-7.5-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community    disabled
mysql-cluster-7.5-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.5 Community -  disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community/x86_64 MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community    disabled
mysql-cluster-7.6-community-source MySQL Cluster 7.6 Community -  disabled
mysql-connectors-community/x86_64  MySQL Connectors Community     enabled:    51
mysql-connectors-community-source  MySQL Connectors Community - S disabled
mysql-tools-community/x86_64       MySQL Tools Community          enabled:    63
mysql-tools-community-source       MySQL Tools Community - Source disabled
mysql-tools-preview/x86_64         MySQL Tools Preview            disabled
mysql-tools-preview-source         MySQL Tools Preview - Source   disabled
mysql55-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.5 Community Server     disabled
mysql55-community-source           MySQL 5.5 Community Server - S disabled
mysql56-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.6 Community Server     disabled
mysql56-community-source           MySQL 5.6 Community Server - S disabled
mysql57-community/x86_64           MySQL 5.7 Community Server     disabled
mysql57-community-source           MySQL 5.7 Community Server - S disabled
mysql80-community/x86_64           MySQL 8.0 Community Server     enabled:    17
mysql80-community-source           MySQL 8.0 Community Server - S disabled

因为默认的是8.0的版本，所以要选择5.7的版本

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$ sudo yum-config-manager --disable mysql80-community
$ sudo yum-config-manager --enable mysql57-community

下载

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$ sudo yum install mysql-community-server

启动

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$ sudo systemctl start mysqld

查看运行状态

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$ sudo systemctl status mysqld

● mysqld.service - MySQL Server
 Loaded: loaded (/usr/lib/systemd/system/mysqld.service; enabled; vendor preset: disabled)
 Active: active (running) since Fri 2018-06-01 10:35:58 UTC; 1h 39min ago
 Docs: man:mysqld(8)
 [http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html](http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/en/using-systemd.html)
 Process: 7474 ExecStartPre=/usr/bin/mysqld_pre_systemd (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 7542 (mysqld)
 Status: "SERVER_OPERATING"
 CGroup: /system.slice/mysqld.service
 └─7542 /usr/sbin/mysqld

Jun 01 10:35:49 bogon systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Server...
Jun 01 10:35:58 bogon systemd[1]: Started MySQL Server.</pre>

这时候mysql已经安装成功了，下面是配置

配置

Mysql 在安装时会默认设置一个随机密码，需要在第一次使用时修改

查看密码

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$ sudo grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-06-01T10:35:51.710406Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: Vq9wOQ&trFs*

首先使用默认密码登录 Mysql

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$ mysql -uroot -p

查看所有 validatei_password

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mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';

+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password.check_user_name    | ON    |
| validate_password.dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password.length             | 8     |
| validate_password.mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password.number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password.policy             | MEDIUM|
| validate_password.special_char_count | 1     |
| validate_password_check_user_name    | ON    |
| validate_password_dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password_length             | 8     |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password_number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password_policy             | MEDIUM|
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
14 rows in set (0.00 sec)

这时候会看到mysql的密码策略

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There are three levels of password validation policy:

# 长度大于 8 位
LOW    Length >= 8
# 长度大于 8 位，数字，混合大小写和特殊字符
MEDIUM Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, and special characters
# 长度大于 8 位，数字，混合大小写，特殊字符和字典
STRONG Length >= 8, numeric, mixed case, special characters and dictionary

Please enter 0 = LOW, 1 = MEDIUM and 2 = STRONG:

他们分别对应了数字 0, 1, 2，Mysql 默认的等级为 MEDIUM，所以输入普通的密码就会报错，怎样修改策略呢？

所以当出现下面的错误的时候，有可能就是因为密码强度的问题

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Failed! Error: Your password does not satisfy the current policy requirements

所以可以根据你想达到的安全程度，设置密码，比如我这里设置为最低:

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set global validate_password_policy=0;
## 如果你不想让长度必须大于 8 位，也可以改为 4，这是最低长度
set global validate_password_length=4;

随后修改mysql密码:

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set password=password('111111');

最后可以将访问权限全部对外开放

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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'wxnacy' WITH GRANT OPTION;

也可以指定 ip 开放

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GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'192.168.33.11' IDENTIFIED BY 'wxnacy' WITH GRANT OPTION;

最后使配置生效

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flush privileges;

mysql 新设置用户或更改密码后需用flush privileges刷新MySQL的系统权限相关表，否则会出现拒绝访问，还有一种方法，就是重新启动mysql服务器，来使新设置生效